Early Toxicity Prediction and Screening

Drug safety issues are a major factor contributing to drug development failures and one of the primary reasons for withdrawing marketed drugs from the market. Traditionally, toxicity testing and safety evaluations of drugs have been conducted during the non-clinical phase through animal studies. Once serious toxic reactions are identified, leading to development failures, this can result in substantial economic losses. Conducting ion channel and cell-level toxicity tests early in the drug development process can significantly reduce the likelihood of later-stage development failures, thereby increasing the success rate of drug development and lowering R&D costs.

Early Toxicity Prediction and Screening

Drug safety issues are a major factor contributing to drug development failures and one of the primary reasons for withdrawing marketed drugs from the market. Traditionally, toxicity testing and safety evaluations of drugs have been conducted during the non-clinical phase through animal studies. Once serious toxic reactions are identified, leading to development failures, this can result in substantial economic losses. Conducting ion-channel and cell-level toxicity tests early in the drug development process can significantly reduce the likelihood of later-stage development failures, thereby increasing the success rate of drug development and lowering R&D costs.

 

We can provide our clients with a comprehensive strategy—from QSAR and in vitro early toxicity screening to in vivo early toxicity assessment—helping them identify toxic effects of candidate compounds at an early stage of drug development. Our evaluation services include Derek and Sarah toxicity predictions, high-throughput genetic and reproductive toxicity assessments, comprehensive cardiotoxicity evaluations, and in vitro carcinogenicity assessments.

 

Toxicity Prediction

 

Derek is a toxicity prediction software based on an “expert knowledge base.” It analyzes and summarizes structure-toxicity relationships, species differences, and physicochemical toxicity correlations using literature knowledge, toxicity databases, and user-shared databases. It highlights all substructures—known as toxicophores—that are associated with toxicity, thereby providing detailed information on toxicity risks. Sarah is a toxicity prediction software built on “statistical models.” It employs a unique, highly transparent machine-learning algorithm that starts from Ames mutation assay data to construct statistical models. By breaking down the input structures into smaller fragments, the model achieves greater transparency and easier interpretation of prediction results, facilitating expert review and confirmation of toxicity risks. The ICH M7 guideline recommends using both of these software tools for impurity genotoxicity prediction.

 

Early toxicity assessment

 

High-throughput genotoxicity assessment

 

Ames

Mini-Ames (6-well plate)

In vitro chromosomal aberrations (chamber slides)

In Vitro Binucleated Micronucleus Assay (Chamber Slides/96-Well Plates)

In vitro photogenotoxicity assay

In Vitro Multi-Biomarker Genotoxicity (γ-H2AX, p53, H3, Cleaved-PARP)

 

High-Throughput Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Assessment

 

Whole embryo culture in vitro

Zebrafish Embryonic Development Toxicity Screening

 

Cardiotoxicity Assessment

 

Cardiac Myocyte Ion Channel Screening Assay (IC50)

- hERG potassium channel (HEK293 cells transfected with the hERG gene)

- Nav1.5 sodium channel (HEK293 cells transfected with the Nav1.5 gene)

- Cav1.2 calcium channel (CHO cells transfected with the Cav1.2 gene)

 

Real-Time xCelligence Cardio Analysis System

- Primary rat cardiomyocytes

- Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs)

 

Isolated Myocardial Tissue Action Potential Assay

—Papillary Muscle Action Potential in Guinea Pigs

— Action potential of the rabbit Purkinje fiber

 

In vitro carcinogenicity assessment

 

Based on the Bhas42 transformed cell system, the experimental concentrations for determining the carcinogenic effects of the compound—both its initiating and promoting effects—are established through cytotoxicity assays.

Based on the Bhas42 transformed cell system, genes associated with both the initiation and promotion stages of carcinogenesis were screened using a gene chip approach.

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